22.04 or 24.04?
Ubuntu LTS Showdown: Choosing Between Jammy Jellyfish (22.04) and Noble Numbat (24.04)
At revWhiteShadow, we understand the critical importance of making informed decisions when it comes to your operating system, especially within the ever-evolving landscape of Linux distributions. For many users, the choice of an LTS (Long Term Support) version of Ubuntu represents a commitment to stability, security, and a predictable upgrade path. This often leads to a pivotal question: which LTS version is better, Jammy Jellyfish (Ubuntu 22.04) or the more recent Noble Numbat (Ubuntu 24.04)? As users navigate these significant releases, understanding the nuances of each, their strengths, and their potential drawbacks is paramount. We aim to provide a comprehensive comparison to guide your decision-making process.
Understanding the Significance of LTS Releases
Before diving into the specifics of 22.04 and 24.04, it’s essential to grasp what an LTS release signifies. Ubuntu LTS versions are designed for users who prioritize long-term stability and reliability over the very latest features. Canonical, the company behind Ubuntu, commits to providing five years of standard security updates and maintenance for LTS releases. This period can be extended further with Extended Security Maintenance (ESM), offering an even more extended lifespan for mission-critical systems. For businesses, developers, and individuals who rely on a consistent and secure computing environment, an LTS release is typically the preferred choice. It minimizes the need for frequent disruptive upgrades and ensures a predictable support window, reducing operational overhead and potential compatibility issues.
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish: A Proven Foundation
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, codenamed Jammy Jellyfish, was released in April 2022. Since its inception, it has become a popular and widely adopted LTS release. Its longevity in the market means that it has undergone extensive testing in a multitude of environments, leading to a highly stable and mature platform.
Key Strengths of Jammy Jellyfish
Maturity and Stability
One of the most compelling arguments for sticking with or choosing 22.04 LTS is its proven track record of stability. Having been around for a considerable period, many of the initial bugs and quirks have been identified and addressed through numerous updates and patches. This maturity translates into a more reliable user experience, particularly for production servers and desktops where downtime is unacceptable. The vast majority of software repositories, third-party applications, and hardware drivers have been thoroughly tested and optimized for Jammy Jellyfish, leading to excellent compatibility.
Software Availability and Compatibility
As a mature LTS, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS benefits from a vast ecosystem of compatible software. Developers and software vendors have had ample time to ensure their applications run smoothly on this version. Whether you’re using popular desktop applications, development tools, or server-side software, the likelihood of finding readily available and well-supported versions for 22.04 is exceptionally high. This also extends to older software that might not be immediately compatible with newer distributions.
Kernel Version and Hardware Support
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS is based on the Linux kernel 5.15. While not the absolute latest kernel, it provides robust and well-tested hardware support for a wide range of systems. For users with hardware that might be sensitive to kernel changes or for those who have specific hardware requirements, the established kernel in 22.04 offers a level of predictability and confidence. Many hardware manufacturers provide drivers and support specifically tailored for this kernel version.
Desktop Environment (GNOME 42)
Jammy Jellyfish ships with GNOME 42 as its default desktop environment. GNOME 42 introduced a refreshed visual aesthetic, including a new dark style preference and improvements to the GTK4 toolkit, enabling more modern and responsive applications. The overall user experience was streamlined and modernized, offering a clean and efficient interface for both new and experienced users.
Security Updates and LTS Commitment
Canonical’s commitment to the five-year standard support cycle for 22.04 LTS means that users can expect regular security patches and bug fixes throughout its supported lifespan, which extends until April 2027. For users who value long-term security and a reduced need for frequent major upgrades, 22.04 LTS remains a strong contender.
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat: The Cutting Edge of LTS
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, codenamed Noble Numbat, was released in April 2024. As the latest LTS release, it represents Ubuntu’s most up-to-date offering, incorporating newer software versions, kernel enhancements, and advancements in various technological areas.
Key Strengths of Noble Numbat
The Latest Software and Technologies
One of the primary advantages of upgrading to or choosing 24.04 LTS is access to the latest software packages and technologies. This includes newer versions of programming languages, development libraries, system utilities, and desktop applications. For developers, researchers, and early adopters, this means access to the newest features, performance improvements, and security enhancements offered by the upstream software projects. Staying current with software versions is often crucial for security and for leveraging the latest advancements in technology.
Updated Kernel (Linux Kernel 6.8)
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS is built upon the Linux kernel 6.8. This newer kernel brings with it a plethora of improvements, including enhanced hardware support for the latest CPUs, GPUs, and networking hardware. It also incorporates advancements in areas like performance tuning, power management, and security features. For users with newer hardware or those seeking optimal performance and efficiency, the 6.8 kernel in Noble Numbat offers significant benefits. This includes support for new file systems, improved virtualization capabilities, and better driver integration for emerging technologies.
Desktop Environment (GNOME 46)
Noble Numbat features GNOME 46 as its default desktop environment. GNOME 46 builds upon the foundations of previous versions, bringing user interface refinements, performance optimizations, and new functionalities. Key enhancements include improvements to the Files application (Nautilus) with better search capabilities and a more streamlined interface, as well as updates to system settings and overall desktop responsiveness. The focus is on a smoother, more intuitive, and productive user experience.
Enhanced Security Features and Future-Proofing
With a newer kernel and updated system libraries, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS inherently benefits from the latest security patches and vulnerabilities addressed at the core level. Canonical’s commitment to the five-year standard support cycle for Noble Numbat (extending until April 2029) ensures that it will receive security updates for an extended period. For users looking to future-proof their systems and maintain a strong security posture, opting for the latest LTS release is a strategic decision. This includes advancements in areas like secure boot, memory safety, and network security protocols.
AppArmor and Security Enhancements
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS continues to leverage and enhance its AppArmor profiles, providing a robust mandatory access control system to confine potentially malicious applications and prevent them from accessing sensitive system resources. The integration of newer security modules and hardening techniques within the kernel and user-space applications contributes to an overall more secure operating environment.
Non-LTS vs. LTS: A Clarification
It’s important to distinguish LTS releases from interim (non-LTS) releases. Interim releases, which come out every six months (e.g., 23.10), offer the very latest software but have a much shorter support cycle (only nine months). The LTS designation is specifically for those prioritizing extended stability and long-term support. Both 22.04 and 24.04 are LTS releases, meaning they both offer substantial support periods. The difference lies in when they were released and therefore how current their base software and kernel are.
Direct Comparison: Jammy Jellyfish vs. Noble Numbat
When directly comparing Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish and Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat, several key differentiating factors emerge.
Release Dates and Support Lifecycles
- Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish: Released April 2022. Standard support until April 2027. Extended Security Maintenance (ESM) available beyond this.
- Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat: Released April 2024. Standard support until April 2029. Extended Security Maintenance (ESM) available beyond this.
Implication: Noble Numbat offers an additional two years of standard support, providing a longer runway for updates and security patches before needing to consider an upgrade to the next LTS.
Kernel Versions
- Ubuntu 22.04 LTS: Linux Kernel 5.15.
- Ubuntu 24.04 LTS: Linux Kernel 6.8.
Implication: The newer kernel in 24.04 LTS provides better support for the latest hardware, potentially offering improved performance, power efficiency, and access to newer technologies like Wi-Fi 6E or advanced CPU features. For those with cutting-edge hardware, 24.04 is likely to offer a superior experience.
Desktop Environment
- Ubuntu 22.04 LTS: GNOME 42.
- Ubuntu 24.04 LTS: GNOME 46.
Implication: GNOME 46 in 24.04 LTS offers enhancements in user interface design, workflow efficiency, and overall responsiveness. If you appreciate the latest GNOME features and a polished desktop experience, 24.04 is the preferred choice.
Software Versions
- Ubuntu 22.04 LTS: Generally includes software versions that were current at the time of its release. While security updates backport fixes, the core application versions remain more conservative.
- Ubuntu 24.04 LTS: Features significantly newer versions of key software packages, including development tools, libraries, and applications.
Implication: For developers, researchers, or anyone needing the latest capabilities of specific software, 24.04 LTS is a clear advantage. This can include newer language runtimes (e.g., Python, Node.js), updated compilers, and more feature-rich applications.
System Components and Toolchains
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS also includes updated system components and toolchains, such as newer versions of GCC (GNU Compiler Collection), glibc (GNU C Library), and other foundational libraries. These updates can lead to performance improvements and better security in applications compiled or run on the system. For instance, newer compiler versions often include optimizations that can make software run faster or more efficiently.
Who Should Choose Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish?
Despite the advantages of the newer release, there are compelling reasons why users might choose to continue using or opt for Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish:
- Existing Stable Deployments: If you have a production environment, servers, or workstations that are currently running 22.04 LTS and are working perfectly, there might be no compelling reason to upgrade immediately. The principle of “if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it” often applies.
- Compatibility with Legacy Software: If your workflow or business relies on specific older applications that have known compatibility issues with newer libraries or kernel versions, sticking with 22.04 LTS might be the safer option. Thorough testing would be required to confirm compatibility on 24.04.
- Minimalist Hardware Requirements: While 24.04 has robust hardware support, if you are running on older hardware that is perfectly supported by the 5.15 kernel in 22.04, there’s no inherent benefit to upgrading the kernel if the existing setup is stable and performs well.
- Preference for Tested Stability: For users who prioritize absolute, battle-tested stability above all else, and are wary of potential minor issues that might still be present in a relatively new LTS release, 22.04 LTS provides a highly mature and predictable platform.
- Longer Familiarity: Users who are very comfortable with the GNOME 42 desktop environment and its specific workflows might prefer to stay with it until they have had ample time to adapt to or test GNOME 46.
Who Should Choose Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat?
Conversely, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat is the ideal choice for a wide range of users:
- Users with New Hardware: If you have recently purchased a new computer, laptop, or server with the latest components, 24.04 LTS with its updated kernel (6.8) is far more likely to offer optimal driver support and performance. This includes newer CPUs, GPUs, Wi-Fi cards, and other peripherals.
- Developers and Tech Enthusiasts: For developers who need the latest versions of programming languages, libraries, and tools to leverage new features or ensure compatibility with modern development practices, 24.04 LTS is the way to go. This includes access to newer versions of Python, Node.js, Go, Rust, and various database systems.
- Users Seeking the Latest Desktop Experience: If you enjoy and want to benefit from the latest improvements and refinements in the GNOME desktop environment (GNOME 46), 24.04 LTS provides that polished and efficient user interface.
- Individuals and Organizations Prioritizing Long-Term Support: By choosing 24.04 LTS, you are opting for a longer standard support window (until 2029), meaning fewer major upgrade cycles will be needed in the coming years. This simplifies long-term planning and maintenance.
- Early Adopters and Those Needing New Features: If your work or projects require features or performance optimizations that are only available in newer software versions or kernel capabilities, 24.04 LTS offers a stable yet cutting-edge platform.
- Security-Conscious Users: While both LTS releases are secure, the more recent software stack and kernel in 24.04 LTS inherently benefit from the latest security vulnerability mitigations and best practices implemented upstream.
The Upgrade Path: From 22.04 to 24.04
For users currently on Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, the transition to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS is a well-defined process. Canonical provides in-place upgrade paths between LTS releases. Typically, after the first point release of an LTS (e.g., 24.04.1), the system will prompt users on the previous LTS (22.04) to upgrade. This upgrade process generally maintains user data, configurations, and installed applications, although it’s always highly recommended to back up your important data before undertaking any major system upgrade.
Considerations for Upgrading:
- Backups: Always perform a full system backup before initiating an upgrade.
- Third-Party Repositories (PPAs): Ensure that any Personal Package Archives (PPAs) or third-party repositories you are using are compatible with Ubuntu 24.04 LTS. Some may need to be disabled during the upgrade and re-enabled or replaced afterward.
- Testing: If possible, perform the upgrade on a test system or a non-critical machine first to identify any potential issues before applying it to production environments.
- Disk Space: Ensure you have sufficient free disk space for the upgrade process, which involves downloading and installing a significant number of new packages.
- Internet Connection: A stable and reasonably fast internet connection is essential for a smooth upgrade.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice for Your Needs
The decision between Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish and Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat hinges on your specific requirements, hardware, and priorities.
If absolute stability, a highly mature platform, and compatibility with potentially older software are your paramount concerns, and your hardware is well-supported by the 5.15 kernel, then Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Jammy Jellyfish remains a solid and reliable choice. It has proven its mettle and continues to be a stable foundation for many systems.
However, if you are looking to leverage the latest hardware advancements, benefit from the most recent software features and security enhancements, or simply want the longest possible support window for your operating system, then Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat is the clear winner. It represents the future of Ubuntu LTS, offering a more modern, performant, and feature-rich experience.
At revWhiteShadow, we advocate for making informed decisions. Both 22.04 LTS and 24.04 LTS are excellent operating systems, but understanding their respective strengths and weaknesses will allow you to select the version that best aligns with your computing needs and future-proofing strategies. For most users with modern hardware and a desire to stay current, Ubuntu 24.04 LTS Noble Numbat is the recommended path forward.